Anroid开发艺术探究

Anroid开发艺术探究

1.onStart 和 onResume、onPause和onStop从描述上来看差不多,对我们来说有什么实质的不同?
onStart 和 onStop是从Activity是否可见这个角度来回调的,而onResume和onPause是从Activity是否位于前台这个角度来回调的,除了这种区别,没有其他区别

2.假设当前Activity为A,如果这时用户打开一个新Activity B,那么 B 的onResume()和 A 的onPaus()哪个先执行呢?
启动Activity的请求会由Instrumentation来处理,然后它通过Binder向AMS发请求,AMS内部维护着一个ActivityStack并负责栈内的Activvity的状态,AMS通过
ActivityThread去同步Activity的状态从而完成生命周期方法的调用。在ActivityStack中的resumeTopActivityInnerLocked方法中,在新Acctivity启动之前,
栈顶的Activity需要先onPause()后,新Activity才能启动。最终在ActivityStackSupervisor中的realStartActivityLocked方法会调用scheduleLaunchActivity,
接着完成新Activity的onCreate、onStart、onResume的调用过程。因此,可以得到结论,是旧Activity先onPause,然后新Activity再启动。

3.Activity被销毁并重建后,我们去获取之前的存储字符串,接受的位置可以是onRestoreInstanceState 或者 onCreate 方法,两者区别是?
onRestoreInstanceState一旦被调用,其参数Bundle savedInstanceState 一定是有值的,我们不用额外的拍断是否为空;
但是onCreate不行,onCreate如果正常启动的话,其参数Bundle savedInstanceState为null, 所以必须要额外判断。

4.onSaveInstanceState和onRestoreInstanceState,在正常流程下会出发么?
系统只在Activity异常种植的时候才会调用onSaveInstanceState和onRestoreInstanceState来存储和恢复数据,其他情况不会出发这个过程。

5.比如目前任务栈S1中的情况为ABC,这个时候Activity D 以singleTask模式请求启动,其所需要的任务栈为 S2,由于S2和D的实例均不存在,所以系统会先创建
任务栈S2,然后在创建D的实例并将其入栈到S2.

6.TaskAffinity任务相关性。
这个参数标识一个Activity所需要的任务栈的名字,默认情况下,所有Activity所需的任务栈的名字为应用的包名。可以为每个Activity都单独制定TaskAffinity属性,
这个属性必须不能和包名相同,否则就相当于没有制定。TaskAffinity属性主要和singleTask启动模式或者allTaskReparenting属性配对使用。当TaskAffinity和singleTask启动模式配对使用的时候,它是具有该模式的Activity的目前任务栈的名字,待启动的Activity回运行在名字和TaskAffinity相同的任务栈中。
当TaskAffinity和allowTaskReparenting结合的时候,会产生特殊的效果。当一个应用A启动了应用B的某个Activity后,如果这个Activity的allTaskReparenting属性为true的话,那么当应用B被启动后,词Activity回直接从应用A的任务栈转移到应用B的任务栈中。

7.SharedPerences是否安全?
SharedPreferences不支持两个进程同时去执行写操作,否则会导致一定几率的数据丢失,因为SharedPreferences底层是通过读/写XML文件来实现的,并发会出问题。
每个应用的SharedPreferences文件都在当前包所在的data目录下查看到,目录位于 /data/data/pacakage name/shared_prefs目录下。
SharedPreferences也属于文件的一种,但是由于系统对他的读/写有一定的缓存策略,即在内存中有一份ShareePreferences文件的缓存,因此在多进程下,系统对它的读写诗不可靠的,当面对高并发的读/写访问,有很大几率丢失文件。

8.Serializable接口的原理及serialVersionUID作用?
想让一个对象实现序列化,只需要这个类实现Serializable接口并声明一个serialVersionUID即可。实际上,甚至连这个serialVersionUID也不是必须的。如何进行对象的序列化和反序列化也很简单,只需要采用ObjectOutputStream和ObjectInputStream,readObject()writeObject()函数。
serialVersionUID是用来辅助序列化和反序列化过程的,原则上序列化后的数据中的serialVersionUID只有和当前累的serialVersionUID相同时才能够正常的被反序列化。
serialVersionUID的详细工作机制时这样的:序列化的时候系统把当前类的serialVersionUID写入序列化文件中,当反序列化时候系统回去检测文件中的serialVersionUID,看它是否和当前类的serialVersionUID一致,如果一致就说明序列化的类的版本和当前类的版本时相同的,这个时候可以成功反序列化;否则就说明当前类和序列化的类相比发生了某些变化,比如成员变量的数量、类型可能发生了改变,这个时候时无法正常反序列化的。

9.Parcelable接口原理?
Parcelable也是一个接口,只要实现这个接口,一个类的对象就可以实现序列化并通过Intent和Binder传递。
Parcel内部包装了可序列化的数据,可以在Binder中自由传输。
序列化的功能由writeToParcel方法来完成,最终时通过Parcel的一系列write方法来完成的;
反序列化功能由CREATOR来完成,其内部表明了如何创建序列化对象和数组,并通过Parcel的一系列read方法来完成反序列化过程。

应用程序返回按键执行流程

应用程序返回按键执行流程

从这篇文章中我们开始分析android系统的事件分发流程,其实网上已经有了很多关于android系统的事件分发流程的文章,奈何看了很多但是印象还不是很深,所以这里总结一番。
android系统的事件分发流程分为很多部分:

  • Native层 –> ViewRootImpl层 –> DecorView层 –> Activity层 –> ViewGroup层 –> View层

所以android系统的事件分发流程是从Native层开始的,然后分发到ViewRootImpl中,然后分发到DecorView层,然后分发到ViewGroup层,最后分发到View层中。下面我们将从Native层开始分析事件的分发流程。

在Native层android系统的事件流程:

  • Android系统是从从底层驱动中获取各种原始的用户消息,包括按键、触摸屏、鼠标、滚迹球等用户事件消息。

  • 在获取用户消息之后,android系统会对最原始的消息进行预处理,包括两个方面:一方面,将消息转化成系统可以处理的消息事件;另一方面,处理一些特殊的事件,比如HOME、MENU、POWER键等处理(前面的几篇文章中我们已经分析了系统按键处理逻辑的执行流程)。

  • 将处理后的消息事件分发到各个应用进程,这个需要使用IPC机制,Android系统使用管道来进行消息的传递。

  • Android系统使用InputManager类来管理消息,而具体的功能则是通过InputReaderThread和InputDispatcherThread两个线程来实现。其中InputReaderThread线程负责消息的读取,而InputDispatcherThread则负责消息的预处理和分发到各个应用进程中。

  • Acitivty系统在SystemServer进程中启动WindowManagerService服务,然后在WindowManagerService服务中启动InputManagerService服务。

可以看到在Native层,主要创建了两个两个线程,其中一个用于读取消息,另一个用于分发消息,消息经过分发最终会上传至App中。

在ViewRootImpl层android系统的事件流程

在Native层的事件分发线程中,经过事件的分发流程,最终会调用InputEventSender的dispatchInputEventFinished方法,可以看一下具体代码的实现:

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private void dispatchInputEventFinished(int seq, boolean handled) {
onInputEventFinished(seq, handled);
}

在dispatchInputEventFinished方法中我们最终调用的是onInputEventFinished方法,然后我们查看onInputEventFinished方法的实现,发现其是一个空方法。。。,好吧,经过分析我们发现,Native层最终调用的并不是InputEventSender,而是调用InputEventSender的子类ImeInputEventSender,即ImeInputEventSender的onInputEventFinished方法,该类定义在源文件InputMethodManager中:

Toast加载绘制流程

Toast加载绘制流程

前面我们分析了Activity、Dialog、PopupWindow的加载绘制流程,相信大家对整个Android系统中的窗口绘制流程已经有了一个比较清晰的认识了,这里最后再给大家介绍一下Toast的加载绘制流程。

其实Toast窗口和Activity、Dialog、PopupWindow有一个不太一样的地方,就是Toast窗口是属于系统级别的窗口,他和输入框等类似的,不属于某一个应用,即不属于某一个进程,所以自然而然的,一旦涉及到Toast的加载绘制流程就会涉及到进程间通讯,看过前面系列文章的同学应该知道,Android间的进程间通讯采用的是Android特有的Binder机制,所以Toast的加载绘制流程也会涉及到Binder进程间通讯。

Toast的显示流程其实内部还是通过Window的窗口机制实现加载绘制的,只不过由于是系统级别的窗口,在显示过程中涉及到了进程间通讯等机制。

下面我们来具体看一下Toast窗口的简单使用。

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Toast.makeText(context, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

上面的代码是Toast的典型使用方式,通过makeText方法创建出一个Toast对象,然后调用show方法将Toast窗口显示出来。

下面我们来看一下makeText方法的具体实现:

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public static Toast makeText(Context context, CharSequence text, @Duration int duration) {
Toast result = new Toast(context);

LayoutInflater inflate = (LayoutInflater)
context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
View v = inflate.inflate(com.android.internal.R.layout.transient_notification, null);
TextView tv = (TextView)v.findViewById(com.android.internal.R.id.message);
tv.setText(text);

result.mNextView = v;
result.mDuration = duration;

return result;
}

方法体不是很长,在makeText方法中,我们首先通过Toast对象的构造方法,创建了一个新的Toast对象,这样我们就先来看一下Toast的构造方法做了哪些事。

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public Toast(Context context) {
mContext = context;
mTN = new TN();
mTN.mY = context.getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
com.android.internal.R.dimen.toast_y_offset);
mTN.mGravity = context.getResources().getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.integer.config_toastDefaultGravity);
}

可以看到这里初始化了Toast对象的成员变量mContext和mTN,这里的mContext是一个Context类型的成员变量,那mTN是什么东西呢?

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private static class TN extends ITransientNotification.Stub

从类的源码定义来看,我们知道TN是一个继承自ITransientNotification.Stub的类,这里我们暂时只用知道他的继承关系就好了,知道其是一个Binder对象,可以用于进程间通讯,然后回到我们的makeText方法,在调用了Toast的构造方法创建了Toast对象之后,我们又通过context.getSystemService方法获取到LayoutInflater,然后通过调用LayoutInflater的inflate方法加载到了Toast的布局文件:

Activity布局绘制流程(转)

Activity布局绘制流程(转)

这篇文章是承接上一篇文章(Android布局加载流程:android源码解析(十七)–>Activity布局加载流程)来写的,大家都知道Activity在Android体系中扮演者一个界面展示的角色,通过上一篇文章的分析,我们知道Activity是通过Window来控制界面的展示的,一个Window对象就是一个窗口对象,而每个Activity中都有一个相应的Window对象,所以说一个Activity对象也就可以说是一个窗口对象,而Window只是控制着界面布局文件的加载过程,那么界面布局文件的绘制流程是如何的呢?这篇文章主要就是顺着上篇文章的思路,看一下在android系统中Activity的布局文件是如何绘制的。

顺便在这里多说几句,android中所有能显示的东西都是通过Window对象实现了,无论Activity,Dialog,PopupWindow,Toast等。后期我可能也会讲一下Dialog,PopupWindow,Toast等组件的显示过程。

前面有一篇文章中我们介绍过Activity的启动流程,可参考:android源码解析之(十四)–>Activity启动流程
在执行ActivityThread的handleLauncherActivity方法中通过Window对象控制了布局文件的加载流程,而Android体系在执行Activity的onResume方法之前会回调ActivityThread的handleResumeActivity方法:

Activity布局加载流程(转)

Activity布局加载流程(转)

好吧,终于要开始讲讲Activity的布局加载流程了,大家都知道在Android体系中Activity扮演了一个界面展示的角色,这也是它与android中另外一个很重要的组件Service最大的不同,但是这个展示的界面的功能是Activity直接控制的么?界面的布局文件是如何加载到内存并被Activity管理的?android中的View是一个怎样的概念?加载到内存中的布局文件是如何绘制出来的?

要想回答这些问题,我们就需要对android的界面加载与绘制流程有所了解,这里我们先来学习一下Activity的布局加载的流程。而至于Acitivty的布局绘制流程我们在下一篇中在做介绍。

其实Activity对界面布局的管理是都是通过Window对象来实现的,Window对象,顾名思义就是一个窗口对象,而Activity从用户角度就是一个个的窗口实例,因此不难想象每个Activity中都对应着一个Window对象,而这个Window对象就是负责加载显示界面的。至于window对象是如何展示不同的界面的,那是通过定义不同的View组件实现不同的界面展示。

废话不多说了,不知道大家是否还记得我们讲过的Activity的启动流程么?不熟悉的童鞋可以参考: android源码解析之(十四)–>Activity启动流程 ,在文章中我们介绍到当ActivityManagerService接收到启动Activity的请求之后会通过IApplicationThread进程间通讯告知ApplicationThread并执行handleLauncherActivity方法,这里我们可以下其具体实现:

应用进程Context创建流程(转)

应用进程Context创建流程(转)

今天讲讲应用进程Context的创建流程,相信大家平时在开发过程中经常会遇到对Context对象的使用,Application是Context,Activity是Context,Service也是Context,所以有一个经典的问题是一个App中一共有多少个Context?

这个问题的答案是Application + N个Activity + N个Service。

还有就是我们平时在使用Context过程中许多时候由于使用不当,可能会造成内存泄露的情况等等,这个也是需要我们注意的。这里有篇不错的文章:
Android Context 是什么?

好吧,什么叫应用进程Context呢?这是指的是Application所代表的Context的创建流程,还记得我们前几篇写的应用进程创建流程么?
android源码解析之(十一)–>应用进程启动流程
最后我们得出结论,应用进程的起始方法是ActivityThread.main方法,好吧,

由于还未讲解Service相关知识,这里暂时讲解一下Activity与Application中Context对象的创建过程。

首先我们就从ActivityThread.main方法开始看一下Application的创建流程。。。

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public static void main(String[] args) {
...
ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
thread.attach(false);
...
}

这里我们发现在方法体中我们创建了一个ActivityThread对象并执行了attach方法:

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private void attach(boolean system) {
sCurrentActivityThread = this;
mSystemThread = system;
if (!system) {
ViewRootImpl.addFirstDrawHandler(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ensureJitEnabled();
}
});
android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("<pre-initialized>",
UserHandle.myUserId());
RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder());
final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();
try {
mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
// Ignore
}
// Watch for getting close to heap limit.
BinderInternal.addGcWatcher(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
if (!mSomeActivitiesChanged) {
return;
}
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
long dalvikMax = runtime.maxMemory();
long dalvikUsed = runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();
if (dalvikUsed > ((3*dalvikMax)/4)) {
if (DEBUG_MEMORY_TRIM) Slog.d(TAG, "Dalvik max=" + (dalvikMax/1024)
+ " total=" + (runtime.totalMemory()/1024)
+ " used=" + (dalvikUsed/1024));
mSomeActivitiesChanged = false;
try {
mgr.releaseSomeActivities(mAppThread);
} catch (RemoteException e) {
}
}
}
});
} else {
...
}
}

这里看一下重点实现,我们可以发现在方法体中调用了ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().attachApplication(mAppThread)
看过我的前几篇文章的童鞋应该知道这里就是一个Binder进程间通讯,其实上执行的是ActivityManagerService.attachApplication方法,具体的可以参考前几篇文章的介绍,好吧,既然这样我们看一下ActivityManagerService.attachApplication方法的具体实现。

activity销毁流程(转)

activity销毁流程(转)

继续我们的源码解析,上一篇文章我们介绍了Activity的启动流程,一个典型的场景就是Activity a 启动了一个Activity b,他们的生命周期回调方法是:
onPause(a) –> onCreate(b) –> onStart(b) –> onResume(b) –> onStop(a)
而我们根据源码也验证了这样的生命周期调用序列,那么Activity的销毁流程呢?它的生命周期的调用顺序又是这样的呢?

这里我们我做一个简单的demo,让一个Activity a启动Activity b,然后在b中调用finish()方法,它们的生命周期执行顺序是:

onPause(b)
onRestart(a)
onStart(a)
onResume(a)
onStop(b)
onDestory(b)

好吧,根据我们测试的生命周期方法的回调过程开始对Activity销毁流程的分析,一般而言当我们需要销毁Activity的时候都会调用其自身的finish方法,所以我们的流程开始是以finish方法开始的。


一:请求销毁当前Activity

MyActivity.finish() Activity.finish() ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().finishActivity() ActivityManagerService.finishActivity() ActivityStack.requestFinishActivityLocked() ActivityStack.finishActivityLocked() ActivityStack.startPausingLocked()
activity启动流程(转)

activity启动流程(转)

好吧,终于要开始讲解Activity的启动流程了,Activity的启动流程相对复杂一下,涉及到了Activity中的生命周期方法,涉及到了Android体系的CS模式,涉及到了Android中进程通讯Binder机制等等,

首先介绍一下Activity,这里引用一下Android guide中对Activity的介绍:

An activity represents a single screen with a user interface. For example, an email application might have one activity that shows a list of new emails, another activity to compose an email, and another activity for reading emails. Although the activities work together to form a cohesive user experience in the email application, each one is independent of the others. As such, a different application can start any one of these activities (if the email application allows it). For example, a camera application can start the activity in the email application that composes new mail, in order for the user to share a picture.

英文不太好,这里就不献丑了,这里介绍的Activity的大概意思就是说,activity在Android系统中代表的就是一个屏幕,一个App就是由许多个不同的Acitivty组成的,并且不同进程之间的Activity是可以相互调用的。

在介绍Activity的启动流程之前,我们先介绍几个概念:

  • Activity的生命周期

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState);
protected void onRestart();
protected void onStart();
protected void onResume();
protected void onPause();
protected void onStop();
protected void onDestory();
以上为Activity生命周期中的各个时期的回调方法,在不同的方法中我们可以执行不同的逻辑。
关于Activity生命周期的详细介绍可以参考: Android activity的生命周期

  • Activity的启动模式

activity启动时可以设置不同的启动模式,主要是:standrand,singleTop,singleTask,instance等四种启动模式,不同的启动模式在启动Activity时会执行不同的逻辑,系统会按不同的启动模式将Activity存放到不同的activity栈中。
关于Activity启动模式的详细介绍,可以参考: Android任务和返回栈完全解析

  • Activity的启动进程

在Manifest.xml中定义Activity的时候,Activity默认是属于进程名称为包名的进程的,当然这时候是可以指定Activity的启动进程,所以在Activity启动时首先会检测当前Activity所属的进程是否已经启动,若进程没有启动,则首先会启动该进程,并在该进程启动之后才会执行Activity的启动过程。

  • Intent启动Activity的方式

    Intent启动Activity分为两种,显示启动和隐士启动,显示启动就是在初始化Intent对象的时候直接引用需要启动的Activity的字节码,显示引用的好处就是可以直接告诉Intent对象启动的Activity对象不需要执行intent filter索引需要启动哪一个Activity,但是显示引用不能启动其他进程的Activity对象,因为无法获取其他进程的Activity对象的字节码,而隐式启动则可以通过配置Intent Filter启动其他进程的Activity对象,因此在应用内,我们一般都是使用显示启动的方式启动Activity,而如果需要启动其他应用的Activity时,一般使用隐式启动的方式。

apk安装流程(转)

apk安装流程(转)

上一篇文章中给大家分析了一下android系统启动之后调用PackageManagerService服务并解析系统特定目录,解析apk文件并安装的过程,这个安装过期实际上是没有图形界面的,底层调用的是我们平时比较熟悉的adb命令,那么我们平时安装apk文件的时候大部分是都过图形界面安装的,那么这种方式安装apk具体的流程是怎样的呢?

下面我们就来具体看一下apk的具体安装过程,相信大家都知道如果我们想在代码里执行apk的安装,那么一般都是这样:

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Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + path),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
context.startActivity(intent);

这样,我们就会打开安装apk文件的程序并执行安装逻辑了,那么这段代码具体是打开那个activity呢?好吧,从这个问题开始,我们来解析apk的安装流程…

这里跟大姐简单介绍一下android的源码,平时我们使用的android.jar里面的java源码只是android系统源码的一部分,还有好多源码并没有打入到android.jar中,这里为大家推荐一个android源码的地址:https://github.com/android
里面根据android系统的不同模块包含了许多android模块的源码。
这里写图片描述

这里我们找到platform_packages_apps_packageinstaller库,这里面就是android系统安装程序的源码了。
这里写图片描述

这里我们找到其androidManifest.xml,然后我们来看一下其具体的定义:

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.android.packageinstaller" coreApp="true">

<original-package android:name="com.android.packageinstaller" />

...

<application android:label="@string/app_name"
android:allowBackup="false"
android:theme="@style/Theme.DialogWhenLarge"
android:supportsRtl="true">

<activity android:name=".PackageInstallerActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:excludeFromRecents="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
<data android:mimeType="application/vnd.android.package-archive" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
<data android:scheme="package" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.content.pm.action.CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity android:name=".InstallAppProgress"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:exported="false" />

<activity android:name=".UninstallerActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme.AlertDialogActivity">
<intent-filter android:priority="1">
<action android:name="android.intent.action.DELETE" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.UNINSTALL_PACKAGE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="package" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

<activity android:name=".UninstallAppProgress"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:exported="false" />

<activity android:name=".permission.ui.GrantPermissionsActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:theme="@style/GrantPermissions">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.content.pm.action.REQUEST_PERMISSIONS" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

<activity android:name=".permission.ui.ManagePermissionsActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:label="@string/app_permissions"
android:theme="@style/Settings"
android:permission="android.permission.GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MANAGE_PERMISSIONS" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MANAGE_APP_PERMISSIONS" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MANAGE_PERMISSION_APPS" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

<activity android:name=".permission.ui.OverlayWarningDialog"
android:excludeFromRecents="true"
android:theme="@android:style/Theme.DeviceDefault.Light.Dialog.NoActionBar" />

<provider android:name=".wear.WearPackageIconProvider"
android:authorities="com.google.android.packageinstaller.wear.provider"
android:grantUriPermissions="true"
android:exported="true" />

<activity android:name=".permission.ui.wear.WarningConfirmationActivity"
android:permission="android.permission.GRANT_RUNTIME_PERMISSIONS"
android:theme="@style/Settings"/>
</application>

</manifest>

好吧,这里我们大概看一下Activity的定义,这里我们重点看一下PackageInstallerActivity的定义:

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<activity android:name=".PackageInstallerActivity"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:excludeFromRecents="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
<action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
<data android:mimeType="application/vnd.android.package-archive" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.INSTALL_PACKAGE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<data android:scheme="file" />
<data android:scheme="package" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.content.pm.action.CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>

恩?这里不就是我们刚刚定义的启动安装Apk activity的intent filter?好吧,所以说一开始我们调用的startActivity其实启动的就是PackageInstallerActivity,那么下面我们就看一下PackageInstellerActivity的具体实现:

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@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);

mPm = getPackageManager();
mInstaller = mPm.getPackageInstaller();
mUserManager = (UserManager) getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE);

final Intent intent = getIntent();
if (PackageInstaller.ACTION_CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS.equals(intent.getAction())) {
final int sessionId = intent.getIntExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID, -1);
final PackageInstaller.SessionInfo info = mInstaller.getSessionInfo(sessionId);
if (info == null || !info.sealed || info.resolvedBaseCodePath == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Session " + mSessionId + " in funky state; ignoring");
finish();
return;
}

mSessionId = sessionId;
mPackageURI = Uri.fromFile(new File(info.resolvedBaseCodePath));
mOriginatingURI = null;
mReferrerURI = null;
} else {
mSessionId = -1;
mPackageURI = intent.getData();
mOriginatingURI = intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_URI);
mReferrerURI = intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER);
}

final boolean unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin = isUnknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin();
final boolean unknownSourcesAllowedByUser = isUnknownSourcesEnabled();

boolean requestFromUnknownSource = isInstallRequestFromUnknownSource(intent);
mInstallFlowAnalytics = new InstallFlowAnalytics();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setContext(this);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setStartTimestampMillis(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setInstallsFromUnknownSourcesPermitted(unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin
&& unknownSourcesAllowedByUser);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setInstallRequestFromUnknownSource(requestFromUnknownSource);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setVerifyAppsEnabled(isVerifyAppsEnabled());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setAppVerifierInstalled(isAppVerifierInstalled());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageUri(mPackageURI.toString());

if (DeviceUtils.isWear(this)) {
showDialogInner(DLG_NOT_SUPPORTED_ON_WEAR);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_NOT_ALLOWED_ON_WEAR);
return;
}

final String scheme = mPackageURI.getScheme();
if (scheme != null && !"file".equals(scheme) && !"package".equals(scheme)) {
Log.w(TAG, "Unsupported scheme " + scheme);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_UNSUPPORTED_SCHEME);
finish();
return;
}

final PackageUtil.AppSnippet as;
if ("package".equals(mPackageURI.getScheme())) {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFileUri(false);
try {
mPkgInfo = mPm.getPackageInfo(mPackageURI.getSchemeSpecificPart(),
PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
}
if (mPkgInfo == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Requested package " + mPackageURI.getScheme()
+ " not available. Discontinuing installation");
showDialogInner(DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_PACKAGE_MISSING);
return;
}
as = new PackageUtil.AppSnippet(mPm.getApplicationLabel(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo),
mPm.getApplicationIcon(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo));
} else {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFileUri(true);
final File sourceFile = new File(mPackageURI.getPath());
PackageParser.Package parsed = PackageUtil.getPackageInfo(sourceFile);

// Check for parse errors
if (parsed == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Parse error when parsing manifest. Discontinuing installation");
showDialogInner(DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_TO_GET_PACKAGE_INFO);
return;
}
mPkgInfo = PackageParser.generatePackageInfo(parsed, null,
PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS, 0, 0, null,
new PackageUserState());
mPkgDigest = parsed.manifestDigest;
as = PackageUtil.getAppSnippet(this, mPkgInfo.applicationInfo, sourceFile);
}
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();

//set view
setContentView(R.layout.install_start);
mInstallConfirm = findViewById(R.id.install_confirm_panel);
mInstallConfirm.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
PackageUtil.initSnippetForNewApp(this, as, R.id.app_snippet);

mOriginatingUid = getOriginatingUid(intent);

// Block the install attempt on the Unknown Sources setting if necessary.
if (!requestFromUnknownSource) {
initiateInstall();
return;
}

// If the admin prohibits it, or we're running in a managed profile, just show error
// and exit. Otherwise show an option to take the user to Settings to change the setting.
final boolean isManagedProfile = mUserManager.isManagedProfile();
if (!unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin
|| (!unknownSourcesAllowedByUser && isManagedProfile)) {
showDialogInner(DLG_ADMIN_RESTRICTS_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_SETTING);
} else if (!unknownSourcesAllowedByUser) {
// Ask user to enable setting first
showDialogInner(DLG_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_SETTING);
} else {
initiateInstall();
}
}

这里我们主要先看一下PackageInstallerActivity的onCreate方法:

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@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);

mPm = getPackageManager();
mInstaller = mPm.getPackageInstaller();
mUserManager = (UserManager) getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE);

final Intent intent = getIntent();
if (PackageInstaller.ACTION_CONFIRM_PERMISSIONS.equals(intent.getAction())) {
final int sessionId = intent.getIntExtra(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_SESSION_ID, -1);
final PackageInstaller.SessionInfo info = mInstaller.getSessionInfo(sessionId);
if (info == null || !info.sealed || info.resolvedBaseCodePath == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Session " + mSessionId + " in funky state; ignoring");
finish();
return;
}

mSessionId = sessionId;
mPackageURI = Uri.fromFile(new File(info.resolvedBaseCodePath));
mOriginatingURI = null;
mReferrerURI = null;
} else {
mSessionId = -1;
mPackageURI = intent.getData();
mOriginatingURI = intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_URI);
mReferrerURI = intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER);
}

final boolean unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin = isUnknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin();
final boolean unknownSourcesAllowedByUser = isUnknownSourcesEnabled();

boolean requestFromUnknownSource = isInstallRequestFromUnknownSource(intent);
mInstallFlowAnalytics = new InstallFlowAnalytics();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setContext(this);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setStartTimestampMillis(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setInstallsFromUnknownSourcesPermitted(unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin
&& unknownSourcesAllowedByUser);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setInstallRequestFromUnknownSource(requestFromUnknownSource);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setVerifyAppsEnabled(isVerifyAppsEnabled());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setAppVerifierInstalled(isAppVerifierInstalled());
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageUri(mPackageURI.toString());

if (DeviceUtils.isWear(this)) {
showDialogInner(DLG_NOT_SUPPORTED_ON_WEAR);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_NOT_ALLOWED_ON_WEAR);
return;
}

final String scheme = mPackageURI.getScheme();
if (scheme != null && !"file".equals(scheme) && !"package".equals(scheme)) {
Log.w(TAG, "Unsupported scheme " + scheme);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_URI);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_UNSUPPORTED_SCHEME);
finish();
return;
}

final PackageUtil.AppSnippet as;
if ("package".equals(mPackageURI.getScheme())) {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFileUri(false);
try {
mPkgInfo = mPm.getPackageInfo(mPackageURI.getSchemeSpecificPart(),
PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS | PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
}
if (mPkgInfo == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Requested package " + mPackageURI.getScheme()
+ " not available. Discontinuing installation");
showDialogInner(DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_PACKAGE_MISSING);
return;
}
as = new PackageUtil.AppSnippet(mPm.getApplicationLabel(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo),
mPm.getApplicationIcon(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo));
} else {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFileUri(true);
final File sourceFile = new File(mPackageURI.getPath());
PackageParser.Package parsed = PackageUtil.getPackageInfo(sourceFile);

// Check for parse errors
if (parsed == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "Parse error when parsing manifest. Discontinuing installation");
showDialogInner(DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR);
setPmResult(PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_TO_GET_PACKAGE_INFO);
return;
}
mPkgInfo = PackageParser.generatePackageInfo(parsed, null,
PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS, 0, 0, null,
new PackageUserState());
mPkgDigest = parsed.manifestDigest;
as = PackageUtil.getAppSnippet(this, mPkgInfo.applicationInfo, sourceFile);
}
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setPackageInfoObtained();

//set view
setContentView(R.layout.install_start);
mInstallConfirm = findViewById(R.id.install_confirm_panel);
mInstallConfirm.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
PackageUtil.initSnippetForNewApp(this, as, R.id.app_snippet);

mOriginatingUid = getOriginatingUid(intent);

// Block the install attempt on the Unknown Sources setting if necessary.
if (!requestFromUnknownSource) {
initiateInstall();
return;
}

// If the admin prohibits it, or we're running in a managed profile, just show error
// and exit. Otherwise show an option to take the user to Settings to change the setting.
final boolean isManagedProfile = mUserManager.isManagedProfile();
if (!unknownSourcesAllowedByAdmin
|| (!unknownSourcesAllowedByUser && isManagedProfile)) {
showDialogInner(DLG_ADMIN_RESTRICTS_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_SETTING);
} else if (!unknownSourcesAllowedByUser) {
// Ask user to enable setting first
showDialogInner(DLG_UNKNOWN_SOURCES);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_BLOCKED_BY_UNKNOWN_SOURCES_SETTING);
} else {
initiateInstall();
}
}

可以发现,在onCreate方法中,首先执行一些初始化操作,获取PackageManager和Installer、UserManager等对象,然后会根据当前Intent的信息最一些逻辑判断并弹出消息弹窗,我们可以看一下具体的消息弹窗类型:

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private static final int DLG_BASE = 0;
private static final int DLG_UNKNOWN_SOURCES = DLG_BASE + 1;
private static final int DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR = DLG_BASE + 2;
private static final int DLG_OUT_OF_SPACE = DLG_BASE + 3;
private static final int DLG_INSTALL_ERROR = DLG_BASE + 4;
private static final int DLG_ALLOW_SOURCE = DLG_BASE + 5;
private static final int DLG_ADMIN_RESTRICTS_UNKNOWN_SOURCES = DLG_BASE + 6;
private static final int DLG_NOT_SUPPORTED_ON_WEAR = DLG_BASE + 7;

可以发现当分析Intent对象的时候,如果可以得到这样几种结果:不知道apk的来源,package信息错误,存储空间不够,安装时报,来源正确,允许未知来源的apk文件,在wear上不支持等,这样根据不同的消息类型会弹出不同的消息弹窗:

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@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(int id, Bundle bundle) {
switch (id) {
case DLG_UNKNOWN_SOURCES:
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.unknown_apps_dlg_title)
.setMessage(R.string.unknown_apps_dlg_text)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Log.i(TAG, "Finishing off activity so that user can navigate to settings manually");
finish();
}})
.setPositiveButton(R.string.settings, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Log.i(TAG, "Launching settings");
launchSecuritySettings();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_ADMIN_RESTRICTS_UNKNOWN_SOURCES:
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.unknown_apps_dlg_title)
.setMessage(R.string.unknown_apps_admin_dlg_text)
.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
finish();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_PACKAGE_ERROR :
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.Parse_error_dlg_title)
.setMessage(R.string.Parse_error_dlg_text)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
finish();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_OUT_OF_SPACE:
// Guaranteed not to be null. will default to package name if not set by app
CharSequence appTitle = mPm.getApplicationLabel(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo);
String dlgText = getString(R.string.out_of_space_dlg_text,
appTitle.toString());
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.out_of_space_dlg_title)
.setMessage(dlgText)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.manage_applications, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
//launch manage applications
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.MANAGE_PACKAGE_STORAGE");
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity(intent);
finish();
}
})
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Log.i(TAG, "Canceling installation");
finish();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_INSTALL_ERROR :
// Guaranteed not to be null. will default to package name if not set by app
CharSequence appTitle1 = mPm.getApplicationLabel(mPkgInfo.applicationInfo);
String dlgText1 = getString(R.string.install_failed_msg,
appTitle1.toString());
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.install_failed)
.setNeutralButton(R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
finish();
}
})
.setMessage(dlgText1)
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_ALLOW_SOURCE:
CharSequence appTitle2 = mPm.getApplicationLabel(mSourceInfo);
String dlgText2 = getString(R.string.allow_source_dlg_text,
appTitle2.toString());
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.allow_source_dlg_title)
.setMessage(dlgText2)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
finish();
}})
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
SharedPreferences prefs = getSharedPreferences(PREFS_ALLOWED_SOURCES,
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
prefs.edit().putBoolean(mSourceInfo.packageName, true).apply();
startInstallConfirm();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
case DLG_NOT_SUPPORTED_ON_WEAR:
return new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.wear_not_allowed_dlg_title)
.setMessage(R.string.wear_not_allowed_dlg_text)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
setResult(RESULT_OK);
finish();
}
})
.setOnCancelListener(this)
.create();
}
return null;
}

消息弹窗的主要作用,用于提示用户当前安装apk文件的特性。都知道android系统在android apk文件之前会解析器manifest文件,这个操作也是早onCreate方法中执行的:

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PackageParser.Package parsed = PackageUtil.getPackageInfo(sourceFile);

我们具体看一下getPackageInfo方法的实现:

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public static PackageParser.Package getPackageInfo(File sourceFile) {
final PackageParser parser = new PackageParser();
try {
PackageParser.Package pkg = parser.parseMonolithicPackage(sourceFile, 0);
parser.collectManifestDigest(pkg);
return pkg;
} catch (PackageParserException e) {
return null;
}
}

好吧,到了这里是不是代码变得很熟悉了?parseMonolithicPackage就是我们上一节分析的android系统解析manifest文件的过程,具体的可参考:http://blog.csdn.net/qq_23547831/article/details/51203482

而collectManifestDigest方法,我们这里简单的介绍一下,其主要是要争apk的签名是否正确。好吧通过这两部我们就把apk文件的manifest和签名信息都解析完成并保存在了Package中。

接着往下走,在所有的解析完成之后我们会在onCreate方法中执行initiateInstall();方法,刚方法的主要作用是初始化安装。

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private void initiateInstall() {
String pkgName = mPkgInfo.packageName;
// Check if there is already a package on the device with this name
// but it has been renamed to something else.
String[] oldName = mPm.canonicalToCurrentPackageNames(new String[] { pkgName });
if (oldName != null && oldName.length > 0 && oldName[0] != null) {
pkgName = oldName[0];
mPkgInfo.packageName = pkgName;
mPkgInfo.applicationInfo.packageName = pkgName;
}
// Check if package is already installed. display confirmation dialog if replacing pkg
try {
// This is a little convoluted because we want to get all uninstalled
// apps, but this may include apps with just data, and if it is just
// data we still want to count it as "installed".
mAppInfo = mPm.getApplicationInfo(pkgName,
PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);
if ((mAppInfo.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_INSTALLED) == 0) {
mAppInfo = null;
}
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
mAppInfo = null;
}

mInstallFlowAnalytics.setReplace(mAppInfo != null);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setSystemApp(
(mAppInfo != null) && ((mAppInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0));

// If we have a session id, we're invoked to verify the permissions for the given
// package. Otherwise, we start the install process.
if (mSessionId != -1) {
startInstallConfirm();
} else {
startInstall();
}
}

好吧,这里面有调用了startInstallConfirm方法,然后我们看一下startInstallConfirm方法的实现:

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private void startInstallConfirm() {
...
//初始化安装确认界面
...
}

好吧,这个方法的实现比较简单,主要的实现逻辑就是现实该activity的用户界面,平时我们安装某一个应用的时候会弹出一个安装确认页面,还有一个确认和取消按钮,有印象么?其实就是在这里执行的界面初始化操作。

好吧,一般情况下在apk安装确认页面,我们会点击确认按钮执行安装逻辑吧?那么这里我们找一下确认按钮的点击事件:

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public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == mOk) {
if (mOkCanInstall || mScrollView == null) {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setInstallButtonClicked();
if (mSessionId != -1) {
mInstaller.setPermissionsResult(mSessionId, true);

// We're only confirming permissions, so we don't really know how the
// story ends; assume success.
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinishedWithPackageManagerResult(
PackageManager.INSTALL_SUCCEEDED);
finish();
} else {
startInstall();
}
} else {
mScrollView.pageScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
}
} else if (v == mCancel) {
// Cancel and finish
setResult(RESULT_CANCELED);
if (mSessionId != -1) {
mInstaller.setPermissionsResult(mSessionId, false);
}
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_CANCELLED_BY_USER);
finish();
}
}

很明显了,这里当我们点击确认按钮的时候会执行startInstall方法,也就是开始执行安装逻辑:

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private void startInstall() {
// Start subactivity to actually install the application
Intent newIntent = new Intent();
newIntent.putExtra(PackageUtil.INTENT_ATTR_APPLICATION_INFO,
mPkgInfo.applicationInfo);
newIntent.setData(mPackageURI);
newIntent.setClass(this, InstallAppProgress.class);
newIntent.putExtra(InstallAppProgress.EXTRA_MANIFEST_DIGEST, mPkgDigest);
newIntent.putExtra(
InstallAppProgress.EXTRA_INSTALL_FLOW_ANALYTICS, mInstallFlowAnalytics);
String installerPackageName = getIntent().getStringExtra(
Intent.EXTRA_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME);
if (mOriginatingURI != null) {
newIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_URI, mOriginatingURI);
}
if (mReferrerURI != null) {
newIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, mReferrerURI);
}
if (mOriginatingUid != VerificationParams.NO_UID) {
newIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ORIGINATING_UID, mOriginatingUid);
}
if (installerPackageName != null) {
newIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INSTALLER_PACKAGE_NAME,
installerPackageName);
}
if (getIntent().getBooleanExtra(Intent.EXTRA_RETURN_RESULT, false)) {
newIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_RETURN_RESULT, true);
newIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_FORWARD_RESULT);
}
if(localLOGV) Log.i(TAG, "downloaded app uri="+mPackageURI);
startActivity(newIntent);
finish();
}

可以发现,点击确认按钮之后我们调用启用了一个新的Activity–>InstallAppProgress,这个Activity主要用于执行apk的安装逻辑了。

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@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
super.onCreate(icicle);
Intent intent = getIntent();
mAppInfo = intent.getParcelableExtra(PackageUtil.INTENT_ATTR_APPLICATION_INFO);
mInstallFlowAnalytics = intent.getParcelableExtra(EXTRA_INSTALL_FLOW_ANALYTICS);
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setContext(this);
mPackageURI = intent.getData();

final String scheme = mPackageURI.getScheme();
if (scheme != null && !"file".equals(scheme) && !"package".equals(scheme)) {
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinished(
InstallFlowAnalytics.RESULT_FAILED_UNSUPPORTED_SCHEME);
throw new IllegalArgumentException("unexpected scheme " + scheme);
}

mInstallThread = new HandlerThread("InstallThread");
mInstallThread.start();
mInstallHandler = new Handler(mInstallThread.getLooper());

IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
intentFilter.addAction(BROADCAST_ACTION);
registerReceiver(
mBroadcastReceiver, intentFilter, BROADCAST_SENDER_PERMISSION, null /*scheduler*/);

initView();
}

可以发现InstallAppProcess这个Activity的onCreate方法中主要初始化了一些成员变量,并调用initView方法,我们在iniTView方法中可以看到:

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void initView() {
...
mInstallHandler.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
doPackageStage(pm, params);
}
});
...
}

经过一些view的初始化操作之后调用了doPackageStage方法,该方法主要是通过调用PackageInstaller执行apk文件的安装,这里就不在详细的介绍了,在apk文件安装完成之后PackageInstaller会发送一个安装完成的广播,刚刚我们在onCreate方法中注册了一个广播接收器,其可以用来接收apk安装完成的广播:

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private final BroadcastReceiver mBroadcastReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
final int statusCode = intent.getIntExtra(
PackageInstaller.EXTRA_STATUS, PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE);
if (statusCode == PackageInstaller.STATUS_PENDING_USER_ACTION) {
context.startActivity((Intent)intent.getParcelableExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INTENT));
} else {
onPackageInstalled(statusCode);
}
}
};

这样apk安装完成之后,这里的广播接收器会接收到广播并执行onPackageInstalled方法,执行后续的处理逻辑,那么我们来看一下onPackageInstalled方法的具体实现逻辑:

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void onPackageInstalled(int statusCode) {
Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(INSTALL_COMPLETE);
msg.arg1 = statusCode;
mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
}

好吧,这里是发送Handler异步消息,我们来看一下异步消息的处理逻辑:

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private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case INSTALL_COMPLETE:
mInstallFlowAnalytics.setFlowFinishedWithPackageManagerResult(msg.arg1);
if (getIntent().getBooleanExtra(Intent.EXTRA_RETURN_RESULT, false)) {
Intent result = new Intent();
result.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INSTALL_RESULT, msg.arg1);
setResult(msg.arg1 == PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS
? Activity.RESULT_OK : Activity.RESULT_FIRST_USER,
result);
finish();
return;
}
// Update the status text
mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
// Show the ok button
int centerTextLabel;
int centerExplanationLabel = -1;
LevelListDrawable centerTextDrawable =
(LevelListDrawable) getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_result_status);
if (msg.arg1 == PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS) {
mLaunchButton.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
centerTextDrawable.setLevel(0);
centerTextLabel = R.string.install_done;
// Enable or disable launch button
mLaunchIntent = getPackageManager().getLaunchIntentForPackage(
mAppInfo.packageName);
boolean enabled = false;
if(mLaunchIntent != null) {
List<ResolveInfo> list = getPackageManager().
queryIntentActivities(mLaunchIntent, 0);
if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
enabled = true;
}
}
if (enabled) {
mLaunchButton.setOnClickListener(InstallAppProgress.this);
} else {
mLaunchButton.setEnabled(false);
}
} else if (msg.arg1 == PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_STORAGE){
showDialogInner(DLG_OUT_OF_SPACE);
return;
} else {
// Generic error handling for all other error codes.
centerTextDrawable.setLevel(1);
centerExplanationLabel = getExplanationFromErrorCode(msg.arg1);
centerTextLabel = R.string.install_failed;
mLaunchButton.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
}
if (centerTextDrawable != null) {
centerTextDrawable.setBounds(0, 0,
centerTextDrawable.getIntrinsicWidth(),
centerTextDrawable.getIntrinsicHeight());
mStatusTextView.setCompoundDrawablesRelative(centerTextDrawable, null,
null, null);
}
mStatusTextView.setText(centerTextLabel);
if (centerExplanationLabel != -1) {
mExplanationTextView.setText(centerExplanationLabel);
mExplanationTextView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
} else {
mExplanationTextView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
mDoneButton.setOnClickListener(InstallAppProgress.this);
mOkPanel.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};

可以发现,当apk安装完成之后,我们会更新UI,显示完成和打开按钮,是不是和我们平时安装apk的逻辑对应上了?这时候我们可以看一下这两个按钮的点击事件。

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public void onClick(View v) {
if(v == mDoneButton) {
if (mAppInfo.packageName != null) {
Log.i(TAG, "Finished installing "+mAppInfo.packageName);
}
finish();
} else if(v == mLaunchButton) {
startActivity(mLaunchIntent);
finish();
}
}

好吧,比较简单,点击完成按钮,直接finish掉这个activity,点击打开,则直接调用startActivity启动安装的应用,然后直接finish自身。

总结:

  • 代码中执行intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(“file://“ + path),”application/vnd.android.package-archive”);可以调起PackageInstallerActivity;

  • PackageInstallerActivity主要用于执行解析apk文件,解析manifest,解析签名等操作;

  • InstallAppProcess主要用于执行安装apk逻辑,用于初始化安装界面,用于初始化用户UI。并调用PackageInstaller执行安装逻辑;

  • InstallAppProcess内注册有广播,当安装完成之后接收广播,更新UI。显示apk安装完成界面;

另外对android源码解析方法感兴趣的可参考我的:

android源码解析之(一)–>android项目构建过程

android源码解析之(二)–>异步消息机制

android源码解析之(三)–>异步任务AsyncTask

android源码解析之(四)–>HandlerThread

android源码解析之(五)–>IntentService

android源码解析之(六)–>Log

android源码解析之(七)–>LruCache

android源码解析之(八)–>Zygote进程启动流程

android源码解析之(九)–>SystemServer进程启动流程

android源码解析之(十)–>Launcher启动流程

android源码解析之(十一)–>应用进程启动流程

android源码解析之(十二)–>系统启动并解析Manifest的流程

系统启动并解析Manifest的流程(转)

系统启动并解析Manifest的流程(转)

最近有同学问我关于Manifest何时被系统解析的问题,正好也分析到这一块了,索性这一章就讲解一下android系统何时解析Manifest吧,这里的Manifest指的是android安装文件apk中的androidManifest.xml文件是何时被解析的。
大家应该都知道,Android系统启动之后,我们就可以在一个应用中打开另一个从未打开过的应用,或者是在一个应用中发送广播,如果另外一个应用设置了这个广播的接收器,那么这个应用进程就会被启动并接收该广播并作出相应的处理,这样的例子很多,我们可以猜测到Android系统在启动的时候就会抓取到了系统中所有安装的应用信息(应该是解析apk文件的Manifest信息),即在Android系统的启动过程中就已经解析了系统中安装应用的androidManifest.xml文件并保存起来了,那么这个过程具体是如何的呢?

其实android系统启动过程中解析Manifest的流程是通过PackageManagerService服务来实现的。这里我们重点分析一下PackageManagerService服务是如何解析Manifest的。

首先看一下在SystemServer进程启动过程中是如何启动PackageManagerService服务的:

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private void startBootstrapServices() {
...
mPackageManagerService = PackageManagerService.main(mSystemContext, installer,
mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF, mOnlyCore);
mFirstBoot = mPackageManagerService.isFirstBoot();
mPackageManager = mSystemContext.getPackageManager();

...
}

在SystemServer进程启动过程中会调用SystemServer类的startBootstrapServices方法(主要用于启动ActivityManagerService服务和PackageManagerService服务),然后会在这个方法中会调用PackageManagerService.main静态方法,这个方法主要是用来初始化PackageManagerService服务并执行相关逻辑的。下面我来看一下main方法的具体逻辑:

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public static PackageManagerService main(Context context, Installer installer,
boolean factoryTest, boolean onlyCore) {
PackageManagerService m = new PackageManagerService(context, installer,
factoryTest, onlyCore);
ServiceManager.addService("package", m);
return m;
}

可以发现main方法的实现逻辑主要是创建了一个PackageManagerService对象,并将这个对象添加到ServierManager中为其他组件提供服务。好吧,看来PackageManagerService的初始化操作主要是在PackageManagerService的构造方法中了,下面我们来看一下其构造方法的实现逻辑:

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File dataDir = Environment.getDataDirectory();
mAppDataDir = new File(dataDir, "data");
mAppInstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app");
mAppLib32InstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app-lib");
mAsecInternalPath = new File(dataDir, "app-asec").getPath();
mUserAppDataDir = new File(dataDir, "user");
mDrmAppPrivateInstallDir = new File(dataDir, "app-private");

PackageManagerService的构造方法代码量比较大,这里就不贴出所有的代码了,我们主要和解析Manifest相关的主要代码,在构造方法中有这样几段代码。可以发现在构造方法中,解析了系统中几个apk的安装目录,这几个目录就是系统中安装apk的目录,android系统会默认解析这几个目录下apk文件,也就是说如果我们android手机在其他的目录下存在apk文件系统是不会默认解析的,反过来说,如果我们把我们的apk文件移动到这几个目录下,那么重新启动操作系统,该apk文件就会被系统解析并执行相关的逻辑操作,具体做什么操作呢?我们看下面的实现。

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/ overlay packages if they reside in VENDOR_OVERLAY_DIR.
File vendorOverlayDir = new File(VENDOR_OVERLAY_DIR);
scanDirLI(vendorOverlayDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags | SCAN_TRUSTED_OVERLAY, 0);

// Find base frameworks (resource packages without code).
scanDirLI(frameworkDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_PRIVILEGED,
scanFlags | SCAN_NO_DEX, 0);

// Collected privileged system packages.
final File privilegedAppDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), "priv-app");
scanDirLI(privilegedAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_PRIVILEGED, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect ordinary system packages.
final File systemAppDir = new File(Environment.getRootDirectory(), "app");
scanDirLI(systemAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect all vendor packages.
File vendorAppDir = new File("/vendor/app");
try {
vendorAppDir = vendorAppDir.getCanonicalFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
// failed to look up canonical path, continue with original one
}
scanDirLI(vendorAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

// Collect all OEM packages.
final File oemAppDir = new File(Environment.getOemDirectory(), "app");
scanDirLI(oemAppDir, PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM
| PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM_DIR, scanFlags, 0);

在我们刚刚的PackageManagerService.mani方法中,解析完刚刚的几个系统目录之后系统会调用scanDirLI方法,那么这个方法主要是做什么用的呢?看它的名字应该是遍历这个系统目录。好吧,这个方法主要就是用于解析上面几个目录下的apk文件的。不信?我们看一下scanDirLI方法的具体实现:

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private void scanDirLI(File dir, int parseFlags, int scanFlags, long currentTime) {
final File[] files = dir.listFiles();
if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(files)) {
Log.d(TAG, "No files in app dir " + dir);
return;
}

if (DEBUG_PACKAGE_SCANNING) {
Log.d(TAG, "Scanning app dir " + dir + " scanFlags=" + scanFlags
+ " flags=0x" + Integer.toHexString(parseFlags));
}

for (File file : files) {
final boolean isPackage = (isApkFile(file) || file.isDirectory())
&& !PackageInstallerService.isStageName(file.getName());
if (!isPackage) {
// Ignore entries which are not packages
continue;
}
try {
scanPackageLI(file, parseFlags | PackageParser.PARSE_MUST_BE_APK,
scanFlags, currentTime, null);
} catch (PackageManagerException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Failed to parse " + file + ": " + e.getMessage());

// Delete invalid userdata apps
if ((parseFlags & PackageParser.PARSE_IS_SYSTEM) == 0 &&
e.error == PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK) {
logCriticalInfo(Log.WARN, "Deleting invalid package at " + file);
if (file.isDirectory()) {
mInstaller.rmPackageDir(file.getAbsolutePath());
} else {
file.delete();
}
}
}
}
}

可以放下其首先会遍历该目录下的所有文件,并判断是否是apk文件,如果是apk文件则调用scanPackageLI方法,scanPackageLI方法的名字很明显,就是用于解析这个apk文件的。

继续看一下scanPakcageLI方法的实现:

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private PackageParser.Package scanPackageLI(File scanFile, int parseFlags, int scanFlags,
long currentTime, UserHandle user) throws PackageManagerException {
if (DEBUG_INSTALL) Slog.d(TAG, "Parsing: " + scanFile);
parseFlags |= mDefParseFlags;
PackageParser pp = new PackageParser();
pp.setSeparateProcesses(mSeparateProcesses);
pp.setOnlyCoreApps(mOnlyCore);
pp.setDisplayMetrics(mMetrics);

if ((scanFlags & SCAN_TRUSTED_OVERLAY) != 0) {
parseFlags |= PackageParser.PARSE_TRUSTED_OVERLAY;
}

final PackageParser.Package pkg;
try {
pkg = pp.parsePackage(scanFile, parseFlags);
} catch (PackageParserException e) {
throw PackageManagerException.from(e);
}
...
}

好吧,这个方法也比较复杂,这里只是列出重点相关的代码,我们可以发现在这个方法中创建了一个PackagerParser对象,并调用了parsePackage方法,这个方法其实就是解析Manifest的主要方法,我们可以看一下其具体的实现:

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public Package parsePackage(File packageFile, int flags) throws PackageParserException {
if (packageFile.isDirectory()) {
return parseClusterPackage(packageFile, flags);
} else {
return parseMonolithicPackage(packageFile, flags);
}
}

可以发现,若我们解析的File对象是一个文件夹则执行调用parseClusterPackage方法,否则调用执行parseMonolithicPackage方法,很明显的因为我们这里解析的是apk文件(在上一方法中我们循环遍历得到了apk文件,这里的File对象就代表了一个个的apk文件信息),所以这里会执行parseMonolithicPackage方法,然后我们来看一下parseMonolithicPackage方法:

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public Package parseMonolithicPackage(File apkFile, int flags) throws PackageParserException {
if (mOnlyCoreApps) {
final PackageLite lite = parseMonolithicPackageLite(apkFile, flags);
if (!lite.coreApp) {
throw new PackageParserException(INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED,
"Not a coreApp: " + apkFile);
}
}

final AssetManager assets = new AssetManager();
try {
final Package pkg = parseBaseApk(apkFile, assets, flags);
pkg.codePath = apkFile.getAbsolutePath();
return pkg;
} finally {
IoUtils.closeQuietly(assets);
}
}

可以看出,这里又调用了parseBaseApk方法:

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private Package parseBaseApk(File apkFile, AssetManager assets, int flags)
...
final Package pkg = parseBaseApk(res, parser, flags, outError);
...
}

可以看出,这个parseBaseApk方法调用了其重载的parseBaseApk方法:

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while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
&& (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > outerDepth)) {
if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
continue;
}

String tagName = parser.getName();
if (tagName.equals("application")) {
if (foundApp) {
if (RIGID_PARSER) {
outError[0] = "<manifest> has more than one <application>";
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return null;
} else {
Slog.w(TAG, "<manifest> has more than one <application>");
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;
}
}

foundApp = true;
if (!parseBaseApplication(pkg, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError)) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("overlay")) {
pkg.mTrustedOverlay = trustedOverlay;

sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestResourceOverlay);
pkg.mOverlayTarget = sa.getString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestResourceOverlay_targetPackage);
pkg.mOverlayPriority = sa.getInt(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestResourceOverlay_priority,
-1);
sa.recycle();

if (pkg.mOverlayTarget == null) {
outError[0] = "<overlay> does not specify a target package";
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return null;
}
if (pkg.mOverlayPriority < 0 || pkg.mOverlayPriority > 9999) {
outError[0] = "<overlay> priority must be between 0 and 9999";
mParseError =
PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return null;
}
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("key-sets")) {
if (!parseKeySets(pkg, res, parser, attrs, outError)) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("permission-group")) {
if (parsePermissionGroup(pkg, flags, res, parser, attrs, outError) == null) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("permission")) {
if (parsePermission(pkg, res, parser, attrs, outError) == null) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("permission-tree")) {
if (parsePermissionTree(pkg, res, parser, attrs, outError) == null) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("uses-permission")) {
if (!parseUsesPermission(pkg, res, parser, attrs)) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("uses-permission-sdk-m")
|| tagName.equals("uses-permission-sdk-23")) {
if (!parseUsesPermission(pkg, res, parser, attrs)) {
return null;
}
} else if (tagName.equals("uses-configuration")) {
ConfigurationInfo cPref = new ConfigurationInfo();
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration);
cPref.reqTouchScreen = sa.getInt(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration_reqTouchScreen,
Configuration.TOUCHSCREEN_UNDEFINED);
cPref.reqKeyboardType = sa.getInt(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration_reqKeyboardType,
Configuration.KEYBOARD_UNDEFINED);
if (sa.getBoolean(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration_reqHardKeyboard,
false)) {
cPref.reqInputFeatures |= ConfigurationInfo.INPUT_FEATURE_HARD_KEYBOARD;
}
cPref.reqNavigation = sa.getInt(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration_reqNavigation,
Configuration.NAVIGATION_UNDEFINED);
if (sa.getBoolean(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesConfiguration_reqFiveWayNav,
false)) {
cPref.reqInputFeatures |= ConfigurationInfo.INPUT_FEATURE_FIVE_WAY_NAV;
}
sa.recycle();
pkg.configPreferences = ArrayUtils.add(pkg.configPreferences, cPref);

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("uses-feature")) {
FeatureInfo fi = parseUsesFeature(res, attrs);
pkg.reqFeatures = ArrayUtils.add(pkg.reqFeatures, fi);

if (fi.name == null) {
ConfigurationInfo cPref = new ConfigurationInfo();
cPref.reqGlEsVersion = fi.reqGlEsVersion;
pkg.configPreferences = ArrayUtils.add(pkg.configPreferences, cPref);
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("feature-group")) {
FeatureGroupInfo group = new FeatureGroupInfo();
ArrayList<FeatureInfo> features = null;
final int innerDepth = parser.getDepth();
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
&& (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > innerDepth)) {
if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
continue;
}

final String innerTagName = parser.getName();
if (innerTagName.equals("uses-feature")) {
FeatureInfo featureInfo = parseUsesFeature(res, attrs);
// FeatureGroups are stricter and mandate that
// any <uses-feature> declared are mandatory.
featureInfo.flags |= FeatureInfo.FLAG_REQUIRED;
features = ArrayUtils.add(features, featureInfo);
} else {
Slog.w(TAG, "Unknown element under <feature-group>: " + innerTagName +
" at " + mArchiveSourcePath + " " +
parser.getPositionDescription());
}
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
}

if (features != null) {
group.features = new FeatureInfo[features.size()];
group.features = features.toArray(group.features);
}
pkg.featureGroups = ArrayUtils.add(pkg.featureGroups, group);

} else if (tagName.equals("uses-sdk")) {
if (SDK_VERSION > 0) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesSdk);

int minVers = 0;
String minCode = null;
int targetVers = 0;
String targetCode = null;

TypedValue val = sa.peekValue(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesSdk_minSdkVersion);
if (val != null) {
if (val.type == TypedValue.TYPE_STRING && val.string != null) {
targetCode = minCode = val.string.toString();
} else {
// If it's not a string, it's an integer.
targetVers = minVers = val.data;
}
}

val = sa.peekValue(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesSdk_targetSdkVersion);
if (val != null) {
if (val.type == TypedValue.TYPE_STRING && val.string != null) {
targetCode = minCode = val.string.toString();
} else {
// If it's not a string, it's an integer.
targetVers = val.data;
}
}

sa.recycle();

if (minCode != null) {
boolean allowedCodename = false;
for (String codename : SDK_CODENAMES) {
if (minCode.equals(codename)) {
allowedCodename = true;
break;
}
}
if (!allowedCodename) {
if (SDK_CODENAMES.length > 0) {
outError[0] = "Requires development platform " + minCode
+ " (current platform is any of "
+ Arrays.toString(SDK_CODENAMES) + ")";
} else {
outError[0] = "Requires development platform " + minCode
+ " but this is a release platform.";
}
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_OLDER_SDK;
return null;
}
} else if (minVers > SDK_VERSION) {
outError[0] = "Requires newer sdk version #" + minVers
+ " (current version is #" + SDK_VERSION + ")";
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_OLDER_SDK;
return null;
}

if (targetCode != null) {
boolean allowedCodename = false;
for (String codename : SDK_CODENAMES) {
if (targetCode.equals(codename)) {
allowedCodename = true;
break;
}
}
if (!allowedCodename) {
if (SDK_CODENAMES.length > 0) {
outError[0] = "Requires development platform " + targetCode
+ " (current platform is any of "
+ Arrays.toString(SDK_CODENAMES) + ")";
} else {
outError[0] = "Requires development platform " + targetCode
+ " but this is a release platform.";
}
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_FAILED_OLDER_SDK;
return null;
}
// If the code matches, it definitely targets this SDK.
pkg.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion
= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.CUR_DEVELOPMENT;
} else {
pkg.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion = targetVers;
}
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("supports-screens")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens);

pkg.applicationInfo.requiresSmallestWidthDp = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_requiresSmallestWidthDp,
0);
pkg.applicationInfo.compatibleWidthLimitDp = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_compatibleWidthLimitDp,
0);
pkg.applicationInfo.largestWidthLimitDp = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_largestWidthLimitDp,
0);

// This is a trick to get a boolean and still able to detect
// if a value was actually set.
supportsSmallScreens = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_smallScreens,
supportsSmallScreens);
supportsNormalScreens = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_normalScreens,
supportsNormalScreens);
supportsLargeScreens = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_largeScreens,
supportsLargeScreens);
supportsXLargeScreens = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_xlargeScreens,
supportsXLargeScreens);
resizeable = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_resizeable,
resizeable);
anyDensity = sa.getInteger(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestSupportsScreens_anyDensity,
anyDensity);

sa.recycle();

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("protected-broadcast")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestProtectedBroadcast);

// Note: don't allow this value to be a reference to a resource
// that may change.
String name = sa.getNonResourceString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestProtectedBroadcast_name);

sa.recycle();

if (name != null && (flags&PARSE_IS_SYSTEM) != 0) {
if (pkg.protectedBroadcasts == null) {
pkg.protectedBroadcasts = new ArrayList<String>();
}
if (!pkg.protectedBroadcasts.contains(name)) {
pkg.protectedBroadcasts.add(name.intern());
}
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("instrumentation")) {
if (parseInstrumentation(pkg, res, parser, attrs, outError) == null) {
return null;
}

} else if (tagName.equals("original-package")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestOriginalPackage);

String orig =sa.getNonConfigurationString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestOriginalPackage_name, 0);
if (!pkg.packageName.equals(orig)) {
if (pkg.mOriginalPackages == null) {
pkg.mOriginalPackages = new ArrayList<String>();
pkg.mRealPackage = pkg.packageName;
}
pkg.mOriginalPackages.add(orig);
}

sa.recycle();

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("adopt-permissions")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestOriginalPackage);

String name = sa.getNonConfigurationString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestOriginalPackage_name, 0);

sa.recycle();

if (name != null) {
if (pkg.mAdoptPermissions == null) {
pkg.mAdoptPermissions = new ArrayList<String>();
}
pkg.mAdoptPermissions.add(name);
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("uses-gl-texture")) {
// Just skip this tag
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;

} else if (tagName.equals("compatible-screens")) {
// Just skip this tag
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;
} else if (tagName.equals("supports-input")) {
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;

} else if (tagName.equals("eat-comment")) {
// Just skip this tag
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;

} else if (RIGID_PARSER) {
outError[0] = "Bad element under <manifest>: "
+ parser.getName();
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return null;

} else {
Slog.w(TAG, "Unknown element under <manifest>: " + parser.getName()
+ " at " + mArchiveSourcePath + " "
+ parser.getPositionDescription());
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;
}
}

在这个parseBaseApk方法中有一个while循环,该循环主要就是用于解析AndroidManifest.xml文件中的节点信息。在开始解析application节点的时候,同时调用了parseBaseApplication方法,该方法解析了application节点下的activity,service,broadcast,contentprovier等组件的定义信息:

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while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT
&& (type != XmlPullParser.END_TAG || parser.getDepth() > innerDepth)) {
if (type == XmlPullParser.END_TAG || type == XmlPullParser.TEXT) {
continue;
}

String tagName = parser.getName();
if (tagName.equals("activity")) {
Activity a = parseActivity(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError, false,
owner.baseHardwareAccelerated);
if (a == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

owner.activities.add(a);

} else if (tagName.equals("receiver")) {
Activity a = parseActivity(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError, true, false);
if (a == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

owner.receivers.add(a);

} else if (tagName.equals("service")) {
Service s = parseService(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
if (s == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

owner.services.add(s);

} else if (tagName.equals("provider")) {
Provider p = parseProvider(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
if (p == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

owner.providers.add(p);

} else if (tagName.equals("activity-alias")) {
Activity a = parseActivityAlias(owner, res, parser, attrs, flags, outError);
if (a == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

owner.activities.add(a);

} else if (parser.getName().equals("meta-data")) {
// note: application meta-data is stored off to the side, so it can
// remain null in the primary copy (we like to avoid extra copies because
// it can be large)
if ((owner.mAppMetaData = parseMetaData(res, parser, attrs, owner.mAppMetaData,
outError)) == null) {
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}

} else if (tagName.equals("library")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestLibrary);

// Note: don't allow this value to be a reference to a resource
// that may change.
String lname = sa.getNonResourceString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestLibrary_name);

sa.recycle();

if (lname != null) {
lname = lname.intern();
if (!ArrayUtils.contains(owner.libraryNames, lname)) {
owner.libraryNames = ArrayUtils.add(owner.libraryNames, lname);
}
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("uses-library")) {
sa = res.obtainAttributes(attrs,
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary);

// Note: don't allow this value to be a reference to a resource
// that may change.
String lname = sa.getNonResourceString(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary_name);
boolean req = sa.getBoolean(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.AndroidManifestUsesLibrary_required,
true);

sa.recycle();

if (lname != null) {
lname = lname.intern();
if (req) {
owner.usesLibraries = ArrayUtils.add(owner.usesLibraries, lname);
} else {
owner.usesOptionalLibraries = ArrayUtils.add(
owner.usesOptionalLibraries, lname);
}
}

XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else if (tagName.equals("uses-package")) {
// Dependencies for app installers; we don't currently try to
// enforce this.
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);

} else {
if (!RIGID_PARSER) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Unknown element under <application>: " + tagName
+ " at " + mArchiveSourcePath + " "
+ parser.getPositionDescription());
XmlUtils.skipCurrentTag(parser);
continue;
} else {
outError[0] = "Bad element under <application>: " + tagName;
mParseError = PackageManager.INSTALL_PARSE_FAILED_MANIFEST_MALFORMED;
return false;
}
}
}

这样,经过这里循环遍历,整个androidManifest的节点信息就被解析并保存在了Package对象中。可以看到我们平时在Manifest中定义的各种节点,其实都是在这里有所体现。当androidManifest.xml文件被解析完成之后会调用我们刚刚介绍的scanPackageLI的重载方法,将解析完成的Package对象信息保存的Setting对象中,这个对象用于保存app的安装信息,具体实现是在方法:

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private PackageParser.Package scanPackageLI(File scanFile, int parseFlags, int scanFlags,
long currentTime, UserHandle user) throws PackageManagerException

当解析完成manifest文件之后会调用其重载方法:

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// Note that we invoke the following method only if we are about to unpack an application
PackageParser.Package scannedPkg = scanPackageLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanFlags
| SCAN_UPDATE_SIGNATURE, currentTime, user);

这样,解析的manifest文件信息就会被保存到Settings中,并持久化,然后执行安装apk的操作,我们可以看一下该重载方法的具体实现:

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private PackageParser.Package scanPackageLI(PackageParser.Package pkg, int parseFlags,
int scanFlags, long currentTime, UserHandle user) throws PackageManagerException {
boolean success = false;
try {
final PackageParser.Package res = scanPackageDirtyLI(pkg, parseFlags, scanFlags,
currentTime, user);
success = true;
return res;
} finally {
if (!success && (scanFlags & SCAN_DELETE_DATA_ON_FAILURES) != 0) {
removeDataDirsLI(pkg.volumeUuid, pkg.packageName);
}
}
}

可以发现其内部调用了scanPackageDirtyLI方法,这个方法就是实际实现持久化manifest信息并安装APK操作的:

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private PackageParser.Package scanPackageDirtyLI(PackageParser.Package pkg, int parseFlags,
int scanFlags, long currentTime, UserHandle user) throws PackageManagerException {
...
// And now re-install the app.
ret = createDataDirsLI(pkg.volumeUuid, pkgName, pkg.applicationInfo.uid,
pkg.applicationInfo.seinfo);
...
}

可以发现其内部调用了createDataDirLI,该方法主要实现安装apk的操作。

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private int createDataDirsLI(String volumeUuid, String packageName, int uid, String seinfo) {
int[] users = sUserManager.getUserIds();
int res = mInstaller.install(volumeUuid, packageName, uid, uid, seinfo);
if (res < 0) {
return res;
}
for (int user : users) {
if (user != 0) {
res = mInstaller.createUserData(volumeUuid, packageName,
UserHandle.getUid(user, uid), user, seinfo);
if (res < 0) {
return res;
}
}
}
return res;
}

查看该方法的实现:

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public int install(String uuid, String name, int uid, int gid, String seinfo) {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("install");
builder.append(' ');
builder.append(escapeNull(uuid));
builder.append(' ');
builder.append(name);
builder.append(' ');
builder.append(uid);
builder.append(' ');
builder.append(gid);
builder.append(' ');
builder.append(seinfo != null ? seinfo : "!");
return mInstaller.execute(builder.toString());
}

怎么样?很熟悉吧,这里的Installer其实调用的就是我们平时运行android项目很熟悉的install命令,原来android系统安装apk文件底层都是调用的adb命令。

总结:

  • android系统启动之后会解析固定目录下的apk文件,并执行解析,持久化apk信息,重新安装等操作;

  • 解析Manifest流程:Zygote进程 –> SystemServer进程 –> PackgeManagerService服务 –> scanDirLI方法 –> scanPackageLI方法 –> PackageParser.parserPackage方法;

  • 解析完成Manifest之后会将apk的Manifest信息保存在Settings对象中并持久化,然后执行重新安装的操作;

另外对android源码解析方法感兴趣的可参考我的:

android源码解析之(一)–>android项目构建过程

android源码解析之(二)–>异步消息机制

android源码解析之(三)–>异步任务AsyncTask

android源码解析之(四)–>HandlerThread

android源码解析之(五)–>IntentService

android源码解析之(六)–>Log

android源码解析之(七)–>LruCache

android源码解析之(八)–>Zygote进程启动流程

android源码解析之(九)–>SystemServer进程启动流程

android源码解析之(十)–>Launcher启动流程

android源码解析之(十一)–>应用进程启动流程


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